Hail is the single largest driver of weather-related property insurance claims in the United States, and roofs absorb most of the damage. This report aggregates primary and near-primary data from the National Weather Service, the Insurance Information Institute, ISO (a Verisk business), State Farm claims disclosures, and reinsurance loss estimates to answer a specific question: how much does hail cost insurers, and where do those losses concentrate by state and by year. Every figure below is attributed to the source that published it, with the year and geography attached.
Executive summary
- The National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center logged 5,432 hail events in 2025, up slightly from 5,373 in 2024 (NOAA NWS SPC, reported by the Insurance Information Institute).
- State Farm alone paid more than $5.6 billion in hail claims in 2025, up from about $5.0 billion in 2024, an increase of roughly 12 percent at a single insurer (State Farm, April 2026).
- Texas led State Farm hail payouts at $1.4 billion in 2025, a 27 percent jump from 2024, and represented about one quarter of that insurer’s national hail total (State Farm, April 2026).
- The 10 largest states accounted for about $4.2 billion of State Farm’s $5.6 billion in 2025 hail payouts, or roughly three quarters, confirming heavy geographic concentration (State Farm, April 2026).
- US severe convective storm losses, which are dominated by hail, reached $51 billion in insured losses in 2025, the third straight year above $50 billion (Insurance Information Institute, citing Gallagher Re, April 2026).
- Hail alone accounts for as much as 80 percent of severe convective storm claims in a given year, and roofs bear an estimated 70 to 90 percent of insured residential catastrophe losses (Insurance Information Institute, 2026).
- Wind and hail together caused 40.7 percent of homeowners insurance claims in 2022, with a mean payout of $13,511 across 2018 to 2022 (ISO, a Verisk business, via the Insurance Information Institute).
- US residential roof insurance claims reached about $31 billion in 2024, up nearly 30 percent since 2022, driven by wind and hail (Verisk US Roofing Realities Trend Report, 2025).
Key findings
- The National Weather Service recorded 5,432 hail events across the United States in 2025, compared with 5,373 in 2024 (NOAA NWS Storm Prediction Center, reported by the Insurance Information Institute, 2026).
- Texas recorded 902 major hail events of one inch diameter or larger in 2025, the most of any state (NOAA Storm Prediction Center, 2025).
- Kansas ranked second with 375 major hail events in 2025, followed by Oklahoma with 369 (NOAA Storm Prediction Center, 2025).
- State Farm paid more than $5.6 billion in hail claims nationwide in 2025, up from about $5.0 billion in 2024 (State Farm, April 2026).
- Texas generated $1.4 billion of State Farm’s 2025 hail payouts, a 27 percent increase over 2024 (State Farm, April 2026).
- The top 10 states represented about $4.2 billion of State Farm’s $5.6 billion 2025 hail total, roughly three quarters (State Farm, April 2026).
- In 2024, State Farm paid more than $3.8 billion for hail-related home repairs and more than $1.2 billion for auto repairs, for over $5 billion combined (State Farm, 2025).
- Wisconsin, Kentucky, Arkansas, and Indiana entered State Farm’s top 10 hail states in 2025 after being absent in 2024, with paid dollars at least doubling for the first three (State Farm, April 2026).
- US severe convective storm insured losses reached $51 billion in 2025, the third consecutive year above $50 billion, with total economic losses of about $68 billion (Insurance Information Institute, citing Gallagher Re, April 2026).
- Hail accounts for as much as 80 percent of severe convective storm claims in a given year (Insurance Information Institute, 2026).
- Wind and hail represented 40.7 percent of homeowners insurance claims in 2022, and about one in 35 insured homes files a wind or hail claim in a typical year (ISO, a Verisk business, via the Insurance Information Institute).
- The average wind and hail insurance payout was $13,511 across 2018 to 2022, at a frequency of 2.82 claims per 100 house-years (ISO, a Verisk business, via the Insurance Information Institute).
- US residential roof insurance claims reached about $31 billion in 2024, up nearly 30 percent from 2022, with roof line items exceeding a quarter of all residential claim value (Verisk US Roofing Realities Trend Report, 2025).
- Non-catastrophe wind and hail claims rose from 17 percent of residential roof claims in 2022 to 25 percent in 2024 (Verisk US Roofing Realities Trend Report, 2025).
- The costliest US hailstorm on record struck the Phoenix metropolitan area on October 5, 2010, causing about $2.8 billion in damage (NOAA Storm Events Database, reported by The Weather Company).
How much hail costs insurers each year
Hail is not a rare catastrophe. It is a high-frequency, high-severity peril that hits every year, and its cost has climbed to levels that rival hurricanes. Severe convective storms, the storm category that produces hail along with tornadoes and straight-line wind, generated $51 billion in US insured losses in 2025, according to the Insurance Information Institute citing Gallagher Re. That was the third consecutive year above $50 billion, and total economic losses reached about $68 billion. Hail is the dominant component: the Institute states that hail alone accounts for as much as 80 percent of severe convective storm claims in a given year.
The homeowners insurance data tells the same story from the claims side. According to ISO, a Verisk business, wind and hail together caused 40.7 percent of homeowners insurance claims in 2022, the largest single share of any peril. Across 2018 to 2022, wind and hail claims occurred at a frequency of 2.82 per 100 house-years, meaning about one in 35 insured homes files such a claim in a typical year, with a mean payout of $13,511.
| Metric | Figure | Period | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| US severe convective storm insured losses | $51 billion | 2025 | III / Gallagher Re |
| US severe convective storm economic losses | ~$68 billion | 2025 | III / Gallagher Re |
| Hail share of severe convective storm claims | up to 80% | typical year | III |
| US residential roof insurance claims | ~$31 billion | 2024 | Verisk |
| Wind and hail share of homeowners claims | 40.7% | 2022 | ISO / Verisk |
| Mean wind and hail claim payout | $13,511 | 2018-2022 | ISO / Verisk |
State Farm hail payouts by state and year
State Farm is the largest US homeowners and auto insurer, so its annual hail disclosures are one of the few company-level datasets that break hail losses down by state and year. They are not a national total, but they are a large, consistent sample. In 2025 State Farm paid more than $5.6 billion in hail claims, up from about $5.0 billion in 2024 and from more than $5 billion combined ($3.8 billion home plus $1.2 billion auto) in 2024. Texas led at $1.4 billion in 2025, a 27 percent rise from 2024. Missouri ranked second with a 10 percent increase, Illinois third with a 28 percent decrease, and Oklahoma fifth with a 21 percent decrease. The year-to-year swings by state show how much a single insurer’s hail bill depends on where the big storms happen to track in a given season.
| State Farm 2025 hail claims | Detail | Source |
|---|---|---|
| National total | $5.6 billion (up ~12% from ~$5.0B in 2024) | State Farm, 2026 |
| Texas (rank 1) | $1.4 billion (+27% vs 2024) | State Farm, 2026 |
| Missouri (rank 2) | +10% vs 2024 | State Farm, 2026 |
| Illinois (rank 3) | -28% vs 2024 | State Farm, 2026 |
| Oklahoma (rank 5) | -21% vs 2024 | State Farm, 2026 |
| Top 10 states combined | ~$4.2 billion of $5.6 billion (~75%) | State Farm, 2026 |
| New to top 10 in 2025 | Wisconsin, Kentucky, Arkansas, Indiana | State Farm, 2026 |
| Dropped from 2024 top 10 | Iowa and South Carolina (each ~$109M in 2024) | State Farm, 2026 |
Note on comparability: State Farm reports hail claims paid, which combines home and auto and reflects the insurer’s own book of business and market share in each state. It should not be read as the total insured hail loss for a state. It is best used to rank relative burden and track year-over-year direction.
Where hail actually falls: NWS storm data by state
Physical hail frequency is measured independently of insurance by the National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center, which logs every report of hail one inch in diameter or larger. In 2025 the leading states by count were Texas, Kansas, Oklahoma, Nebraska, Missouri, and Colorado, the same corridor that insurers call hail alley. The overlap between the storm-report leaders and the insurance-payout leaders is close, which is why both datasets point to the central and southern Plains as the core of US hail risk.
| Rank | State | Major hail events (1 inch or larger), 2025 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Texas | 902 |
| 2 | Kansas | 375 |
| 3 | Oklahoma | 369 |
| 4 | Nebraska | 315 |
| 5 | Missouri | 253 |
| 6 | Colorado | 244 |
| 7 | South Dakota | 232 |
| 8 | Tennessee | 216 |
| 9 | Illinois | 167 |
| 10 | Arkansas | 154 |
Source: NOAA National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center, 2025, as reported by the Insurance Information Institute. Over the longer run, the National Weather Service recorded an average of 6,525 reports of large hail per year from 2009 to 2018.
Why the cost keeps rising
The growth in hail claim dollars is not driven by storm counts alone. NWS hail events rose only about 1 percent from 2024 to 2025 (5,373 to 5,432), yet State Farm’s payouts rose about 12 percent over the same period. That gap points to severity, not frequency, as the main cost driver. Verisk’s US Roofing Realities Trend Report found that US residential roof claims reached about $31 billion in 2024, up nearly 30 percent since 2022, and that roof line items now make up more than a quarter of all residential claim value. Non-catastrophe wind and hail claims climbed from 17 percent of residential roof claims in 2022 to 25 percent in 2024. Rising roof replacement costs, larger and more valuable homes in exposed areas, and more expensive vehicles all push the average claim higher even when the number of storms holds roughly steady.
State Farm’s own 2022 disclosure illustrates the two forces at work. That year the insurer paid more than $3.5 billion in hail claims, an increase of more than $1 billion over 2021, driven by about 45,000 more claims and an average claim that rose by about $2,000 as material and labor costs climbed. About 83 percent of those 2022 hail losses came from home damage rather than auto (State Farm, 2023, reported by CAPE Analytics).
The costliest single hailstorms on record
Individual supercell events can produce billion-dollar losses in a single afternoon, almost always in or near hail alley or fast-growing Sun Belt metros. The list below reflects insured or estimated damage as reported by the cited sources.
| Event | Date | Reported loss | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phoenix metro, Arizona | Oct 5, 2010 | ~$2.8 billion | NOAA Storm Events Database |
| St. Louis, Missouri (multi-hazard supercell) | Apr 2001 | ~$2.2 billion | Reported by The Weather Company |
| Fort Worth, Texas (Mayfest) | May 1995 | ~$2.0 billion | Reported by The Weather Company |
| Denver metro, Colorado | May 8, 2017 | ~$1.4 billion homeowner insured | Rocky Mountain Insurance Information Association |
| Dallas-Fort Worth metro, Texas | Jun 6, 2018 | ~$1.0 billion | Reported by The Weather Company |
| Minneapolis metro, Minnesota | Jun 2017 | ~$1.0 billion | Insurance Federation of Minnesota |
Limitation: these single-event figures come from different agencies, use different methods, and mix insured and total economic loss, so they are not perfectly comparable across events. They are useful for ranking scale, not for precise dollar-to-dollar comparison. The May 8, 2017 Denver event is frequently cited at a higher combined total near $2.3 billion once auto losses are added to the $1.4 billion homeowner figure.
Original synthesis: Roofing Brief calculations
The following figures are original calculations by The Roofing Brief derived from the cited public datasets. They are analytical estimates, not published statistics, and each lists its inputs and limitations.
1. Hail claims are highly concentrated: three quarters in 10 states
Roofing Brief calculation. Using State Farm’s 2025 disclosure, the top 10 states accounted for about $4.2 billion of the $5.6 billion national hail total, which is 75.0 percent ($4.2B divided by $5.6B). Texas alone at $1.4 billion represented 25.0 percent of the national total. Inputs: State Farm 2025 hail claims (April 2026). Limitation: this reflects one insurer’s book, not the whole market, and State Farm’s state-level market share varies, so the true national concentration could be higher or lower.
2. Severity is outrunning frequency
Roofing Brief calculation. NWS hail events rose about 1.1 percent from 2024 to 2025 (from 5,373 to 5,432), while State Farm hail payouts rose about 12 percent (from about $5.0 billion to $5.6 billion). Dividing payout growth by event growth implies that per-storm cost, or severity, accounted for the large majority of the year-over-year increase. Inputs: NOAA NWS SPC event counts and State Farm payout totals. Limitation: national storm counts and one insurer’s payouts are not perfectly matched geographically or by exposure, so this is directional evidence of a severity trend, not a precise elasticity.
3. Roof-attributable hail losses at a single insurer
Roofing Brief calculation. The Insurance Information Institute states that roofs bear an estimated 70 to 90 percent of insured residential catastrophe losses. Applying that range to State Farm’s 2024 hail home payout of more than $3.8 billion implies roughly $2.7 billion to $3.4 billion in roof-specific hail losses at one insurer in 2024. Inputs: III roof-share estimate (2026) and State Farm 2024 home hail total (2025). Limitation: the 70 to 90 percent figure is a general residential-catastrophe estimate, not a hail-specific or State Farm-specific measure, so the result is an order-of-magnitude estimate.
4. Hail alley is confirmed by two independent datasets
Roofing Brief calculation. Six states appear in both the NWS 2025 top 10 for physical hail events (Texas, Kansas, Oklahoma, Nebraska, Missouri, Colorado) and among State Farm’s leading hail-payout states, an overlap of at least 60 percent between an atmospheric dataset and an insurance dataset that were compiled independently. Inputs: NOAA NWS SPC 2025 state counts and State Farm 2025 state rankings. Limitation: the two lists use different ranking bases (event counts versus dollars paid), so the overlap is a qualitative corroboration of hail alley rather than an exact match.
Methodology
Source selection prioritized primary and near-primary data. Physical hail frequency comes from the National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center, the federal agency of record for severe weather reports. Insurance frequency, severity, and peril-share figures come from ISO, a Verisk business, as published by the Insurance Information Institute. State and year-level claim dollars come from State Farm’s own newsroom disclosures, the largest company-level hail dataset publicly available. Aggregate severe convective storm losses come from the Insurance Information Institute citing Gallagher Re, and from reinsurance and analytics commentary where clearly attributed. Roof-specific claim data comes from Verisk’s US Roofing Realities Trend Report.
Inclusion rule: a statistic was included only if it could be traced to a named source with a stated year and geography. Exclusion rule: figures that could not be independently verified in this research, or that mixed methods in a way that made them misleading, were left out. Where sources disagreed or measured different things, both the number and its basis are stated. State Farm claim dollars are labeled as one insurer’s payouts and are never presented as total insured losses for a state. Single-event loss figures are flagged as not directly comparable because agencies use different methods and mix insured with total economic loss. All derived figures are labeled as Roofing Brief calculations with inputs and limitations. Last updated July 2026.
Source quality ranking
- Tier 1, primary and official: NOAA National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center (hail event counts); ISO, a Verisk business (claims frequency and severity); Verisk US Roofing Realities Trend Report (roof claim value).
- Tier 2, official industry bodies and large company data: Insurance Information Institute (aggregation and severe convective storm losses citing Gallagher Re); State Farm newsroom (company hail payouts by state and year); Rocky Mountain Insurance Information Association and Insurance Federation of Minnesota (single-event losses).
- Tier 3, reputable analysis and journalism: CAPE Analytics (State Farm 2022 breakdown), Risk and Insurance and Allianz Commercial commentary on multi-year severe convective storm totals, The Weather Company (historical event roundup citing NOAA and state associations).
- Excluded: unsourced blog roundups, AI-generated statistics pages, and any figure that could not be traced to a named dataset within this research.
Most quotable statistics
- State Farm paid more than $5.6 billion in hail claims in 2025, up about 12 percent from 2024 (State Farm, 2026).
- Texas alone accounted for $1.4 billion of State Farm’s 2025 hail claims, a 27 percent jump from 2024 (State Farm, 2026).
- Hail accounts for as much as 80 percent of severe convective storm claims in a given year (Insurance Information Institute, 2026).
- Roofs bear an estimated 70 to 90 percent of insured residential catastrophe losses (Insurance Information Institute, 2026).
- The average wind and hail insurance payout was $13,511 across 2018 to 2022 (ISO, a Verisk business).
- Texas logged 902 major hail events of one inch or larger in 2025, the most of any state (NOAA Storm Prediction Center, 2025).
Data limitations
State Farm figures reflect one insurer’s book of business, not total market losses, and its market share varies by state. NWS hail event counts depend on human reports and radar coverage, so raw counts can undercount hail in sparsely populated areas and are not a direct measure of dollar damage. Severe convective storm loss totals combine hail with tornado and wind, so hail-only figures within them are estimates. Single-event loss figures use different methods across agencies and mix insured with total economic loss. Roofing Brief calculations are analytical estimates, clearly labeled, and should be cited as such.
Downloadable dataset: recommended fields
A useful public hail-claims dataset would include: state; year; number of NWS hail events (1 inch or larger); insurer-reported hail claims paid (home); insurer-reported hail claims paid (auto); average claim severity; number of claims; catastrophe versus non-catastrophe flag; roof line-item share of claim value; and source and last-updated date for each row.
Press summary
Hail has become the most expensive weather peril for US property insurers, and roofs take the brunt of it. State Farm, the nation’s largest home and auto insurer, paid more than $5.6 billion in hail claims in 2025, up about 12 percent from 2024, with Texas alone accounting for $1.4 billion, a 27 percent increase. The 10 largest states made up roughly three quarters of that bill, confirming that hail losses concentrate heavily in the central and southern Plains, the region insurers call hail alley. Nationally, severe convective storms, which are dominated by hail, caused $51 billion in insured losses in 2025, the third straight year above $50 billion, according to the Insurance Information Institute. Because storm counts held roughly steady while payouts rose sharply, the data points to rising severity, driven by higher roof replacement and repair costs, rather than more frequent hail. Roofs bear an estimated 70 to 90 percent of insured residential catastrophe losses.
Suggested headlines
- Hail Cost One Insurer $5.6 Billion in 2025, and Texas Was a Quarter of It
- Where Hail Hits Hardest: The 10 States That Drive Three Quarters of Claims
- Storm Counts Held Flat, Hail Bills Rose 12 Percent: Severity Is the New Story
- Hail Alley by the Numbers: What NWS Data and Insurer Payouts Agree On
- Roofs Absorb Up to 90 Percent of America’s Billion-Dollar Hail Losses
Frequently asked questions
How much do hail claims cost US insurers each year?
Severe convective storms, which are dominated by hail, caused $51 billion in US insured losses in 2025, the third straight year above $50 billion, according to the Insurance Information Institute citing Gallagher Re. Hail alone can account for as much as 80 percent of those claims in a given year.
Which state has the most hail damage claims?
Texas leads on both measures. It recorded 902 major hail events of one inch or larger in 2025 per the NOAA Storm Prediction Center, and it generated $1.4 billion of State Farm’s 2025 hail payouts, the most of any state.
How much did State Farm pay in hail claims in 2025?
State Farm paid more than $5.6 billion in hail claims in 2025, up from about $5.0 billion in 2024, an increase of roughly 12 percent (State Farm, April 2026).
What is hail alley?
Hail alley is the corridor across the central and southern Plains with the highest hail frequency. In 2025 the leading states by NWS hail events were Texas, Kansas, Oklahoma, Nebraska, Missouri, and Colorado, which also rank among the top states for insurer hail payouts.
How many hail events happen in the US each year?
The National Weather Service logged 5,432 hail events in 2025 and 5,373 in 2024. Over 2009 to 2018 it averaged 6,525 reports of large hail per year (NOAA Storm Prediction Center).
What is the average hail insurance claim?
The mean wind and hail insurance payout was $13,511 across 2018 to 2022, according to ISO, a Verisk business, reported by the Insurance Information Institute. Wind and hail together caused 40.7 percent of homeowners insurance claims in 2022.
What was the costliest hailstorm in US history?
The costliest single hailstorm on record hit the Phoenix metro area on October 5, 2010, causing about $2.8 billion in damage, according to the NOAA Storm Events Database.
Are hail claims getting more expensive?
Yes. US residential roof claims reached about $31 billion in 2024, up nearly 30 percent since 2022 (Verisk). Because storm counts were roughly flat from 2024 to 2025 while State Farm payouts rose about 12 percent, higher severity and repair costs, not more storms, are the main driver.
What share of hail losses hit roofs?
Roofs bear an estimated 70 to 90 percent of insured residential catastrophe losses, according to the Insurance Information Institute. Roof line items made up more than a quarter of all residential claim value in 2024 (Verisk).
How many insured homes file a wind or hail claim?
About one in 35 insured homes files a wind or hail property damage claim in a typical year, at a frequency of 2.82 claims per 100 house-years across 2018 to 2022 (ISO, a Verisk business, via the Insurance Information Institute).
Related research
For how roof age changes the size of a hail claim, see Roof Age and Hail Claim Severity. For how impact-resistant shingles perform and what discounts they earn, see Impact-Resistant Shingle Insurance Discounts by State and Impact-Resistant vs Standard Shingles. For the full breakdown of roof claims by cause, see Roof Leak Insurance Claims by Cause. For how claims feed back into pricing, see Homeowners Insurance Premiums by Roof Type and Age.
Sources: NOAA National Weather Service Storm Prediction Center; Insurance Information Institute, Facts + Statistics: Hail and Homeowners and Renters Insurance, and severe convective storm press release (April 2026); ISO, a Verisk business; State Farm newsroom hail claim disclosures (2025 and 2026); Verisk US Roofing Realities Trend Report (2025); Rocky Mountain Insurance Information Association; Insurance Federation of Minnesota; CAPE Analytics; Allianz Commercial via Risk and Insurance; The Weather Company.
Reviewed by The Roofing Brief Team. Last reviewed July 2026.