The 2026 Severe Weather Roof Damage Report: State-by-State Hail, Wind, and Tornado Claim Data

The severe weather roof damage report 2026 is The Roofing Brief Research Team’s annual compilation of US hail, wind, tornado and hurricane data as it bears on residential and commercial roofing. We pulled from the NOAA Storm Events Database, the NOAA Storm Prediction Center, the NOAA NCEI Billion-Dollar Disasters archive, the Insurance Institute for Business and Home Safety, the National Insurance Crime Bureau, FEMA disaster declarations, CoreLogic and Cotality storm reports, Verisk catastrophe loss bulletins, the Insurance Information Institute hail facts file, State Farm’s annual hail-claims release, and the major state insurance departments in Texas, Florida, Oklahoma, Colorado and Louisiana. The data is fragmented across those sources and no single agency publishes a unified state-by-state ledger. This report consolidates what is available for the 2026 storm season.

Methodology and sources

Every numeric claim (see our the 2026 Roofing CRM Software Showdown) in this report is sourced in the numbered list at the end. We rely on primary data: the NOAA NCEI Storm Events Database for event counts, the NOAA SPC annual severe weather report for daily tallies, FEMA’s Disaster Declarations Summary for federal aid, Verisk and CoreLogic catastrophe bulletins for insured-loss ranges, State Farm’s annual hail release for carrier-level claim data, and IBHS publications for impact-resistant and FORTIFIED program data. State counts of hail and tornado events use the NCEI definition: a hail event is a report of one-inch or larger hail at a unique reporting location; a tornado event is a confirmed touchdown at a unique track.

The US severe weather roof damage landscape in 2026

NOAA Billion-Dollar Disaster data

NOAA NCEI’s Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters dataset is the longest US ledger of catastrophe events, running from 1980 through 2024. The agency confirmed 27 separate billion-dollar events in 2024, second only to 2023 (28 events) in the 45-year series. Severe-thunderstorm economic losses hit $62 billion in 2024, the highest annual total on record. Five hurricanes made US landfall in 2024 (Beryl, Debby, Francine, Helene and Milton); Helene’s total cost was estimated at $78.7 billion and Milton’s at $34.3 billion. The first half of 2025 alone produced 15 billion-dollar weather disasters and $33 billion in severe-thunderstorm losses, the fourth-highest first-half total behind 2024, 2023 and 2011. The NOAA NCEI product is being retired in 2025 with no updates beyond calendar year 2024.

State-by-state event frequency overview

NOAA’s Storm Events Database and the SPC’s annual severe weather report combine to give a state-by-state event tally. Texas leads the country in nearly every severe weather category. In 2024, Texas posted 787 large-hail events (one inch or larger), 169 confirmed tornadoes and 529 hail events in the first four months alone. Nebraska and Iowa tied at 131 confirmed tornadoes in 2024, Illinois posted 126, and Missouri 105. The four-state cluster from north Texas through Oklahoma, Kansas and Nebraska is the densest severe-convective-storm zone in the country, and the loss data tracks accordingly.

Hail: the Top 10 hail states and what damage looks like

Texas, Colorado, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Wyoming, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, South Dakota

The historical NICB and State Farm rankings cluster around a consistent group of states whose climate sits in the path of severe convective storm corridors. State Farm’s 2025 hail-claims release named Texas, Missouri, Illinois, Wisconsin and Oklahoma as its top five payout states. The III’s facts file flags Missouri (a 182 percent increase in major hail events from 2022 to 2024), Illinois (216 severe hailstorms in 2024, a 108 percent increase), Indiana (107 percent rise) and Texas (93 percent rise) as the fastest-growing hail-claim (see our the 2026 Aerial Roof Measurement Software Report) states over the three-year window. Table 1 ranks the ten states most exposed by composite frequency, payouts and historical NICB data.

Rank	State	2024 large-hail events (NOAA)	2025 State Farm hail payout share	Insurance composite ranking
1	Texas	787	$1.4 billion (25%)	1
2	Missouri	~430	Second-largest payout (~10% YoY growth)	2
3	Illinois	216	Third (28% YoY decline)	3
4	Kansas	~480	Top 10	4
5	Oklahoma	~365	Fifth payout state	5
6	Nebraska	~390	Top 10	6
7	Colorado	~285	Top 10	7
8	Wisconsin	~205	Fourth payout state (doubled YoY)	8
9	Iowa	~230	Top 10	9
10	Minnesota	~190	Top 10	10

The shape of the hail belt has not changed; the volume has. State Farm reported $5.6 billion of total US hail payouts in 2025, with the top 10 states accounting for $4.2 billion (about three-quarters). Wisconsin, Kentucky, Arkansas and Indiana entered the top 10 in 2025, with payouts at least doubling year over year in the first three. The most consequential single hail event of 2024 hit Oklahoma City on September 24, where CoreLogic estimated damaging hail fell on 35,000 homes. Cotality’s March 13-14, 2024 analysis logged one-inch-or-larger hail on more than 660,000 homes across the central US in a 48-hour window, with three-inch-plus hail hitting nearly 1,800 homes in Johnson County, Kansas. Our explainer on how much hail damage takes to replace a roof walks through the IBHS slope-and-impact thresholds.

Average hail claim payouts

The Insurance Information Institute reports the average home insurance claim for hail at about $13,511, including damage to roof, siding, gutters and HVAC condensers. Roof-specific severity in 2024 and 2025 ran higher: insurance.com, Noble Public Adjusting and skylightroofing.com all reported a roof-only range of $12,000 to $17,000 for full replacements, with minor repairs landing at $5,000 to $8,000 and total losses on hail-pulverized roofs exceeding $20,000. Verisk’s 2026 Roof Report puts the average US residential roof replacement at $17,631 and the average repair at $4,699, reflecting 33 percent and 25 percent increases over the four-year 2021 to 2024 average. The 2024 hail season alone produced roughly $54 billion of severe-convective-storm insured loss (III aggregation). Table 2 summarizes the typical hail-roof payout structure.

Damage severity	Typical insurance payout	Common deductible range	Typical out-of-pocket
Minor (10-20 hits per square)	$5,000-$8,000	$1,000-$2,500	$1,000-$2,500
Moderate (20-40 hits per square)	$8,000-$13,000	$1,000-$2,500 or 1% wind/hail	$1,500-$5,000
Severe (full replacement, ACV)	$3,000-$8,000 net of depreciation	1-5% of dwelling	$8,000-$15,000
Severe (full replacement, RCV)	$12,000-$17,000	1-2% of dwelling	$2,000-$8,000
Total loss (RCV with ordinance)	$20,000-$30,000+	1-2% of dwelling	$3,000-$10,000

The structural difference between an ACV and an RCV settlement is the single most consequential variable in the hail-claim math. We walk through the gap in detail in our companion analysis of the Actual Cash Value roof settlement and in our explainer on filing an insurance claim for roof damage.

The Class 4 IR shingle discount

Underwriters Laboratories standard UL 2218 defines four classes of impact-resistant shingle. Class 4 is the highest, requiring the shingle to withstand the drop of a two-inch steel ball from 20 feet without cracking or rupturing (the kinetic-energy equivalent of a two-inch hailstone falling at terminal velocity). Carriers in hail-belt states publish discounts of 5 to 30 percent on the wind-and-hail premium component for Class 4 installations. State Farm offers the discount in 26 states clustered in the Plains, the Southeast and the Front Range. Allstate publishes 25 to 30 percent in Texas and Oklahoma. USAA reaches 23 percent in Texas, Oklahoma, Colorado and Kansas. The IBHS October 2025 study found smaller hail (below the historic 1.5-inch threshold) is more damaging to standard shingles than previously believed, which has begun to shift insurer underwriting toward earlier discount triggers. Our deep dive on Class 4 impact-resistant shingles covers the carrier-by-carrier discount map.

Wind and tornado: where the structural roof loss happens

Tornado Alley vs. Dixie Alley

The traditional “Tornado Alley” runs from north Texas through Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska and Iowa, capturing the highest historic frequency of EF-2 and larger tornadoes. “Dixie Alley,” which spans Mississippi, Alabama, Tennessee, Arkansas and northern Louisiana, has overtaken the traditional Alley in fatalities and increasingly in EF-3 and EF-4 events because the storms hit at night, in mobile-home-heavy housing stock, and with shorter SPC lead times. NOAA’s 2024 count of 1,735 confirmed tornadoes put Texas at 169, Nebraska and Iowa tied at 131, Illinois at 126 and Missouri at 105. Florida’s count was unusually high because Hurricane Milton spawned more tornadoes in a single day than any historical record event, including more than 40 twisters across the central Florida peninsula on October 9.

ASCE 7-22 wind zone map

The ASCE 7-22 standard sets the design wind speeds that building codes adopt across the country. Risk Category II (typical residential) baseline ranges from about 105 mph in the upper Midwest to 180 mph along Florida’s southeastern coast. Florida Building Code R301.2(7) hard-codes county-specific overrides: Miami-Dade requires 175 mph design wind (Risk Category II), Broward 170 mph, Collier 170 mph, and the High-Velocity Hurricane Zone covering Miami-Dade and Broward requires the most stringent impact testing in the continental US. ASCE 7-22 also formalized “Special Wind Regions” for mountain gaps, gorges and coastal promontories where local effects exceed the map values; site-specific wind studies are required in those zones. Coastal North Carolina, the Outer Banks, the entire Florida peninsula, the Texas Gulf Coast from Corpus Christi to Galveston, and coastal Louisiana sit in the 130 to 170 mph design zones.

Average tornado event roof claim

Roof-specific tornado claim data is not centrally tracked, but the industry consensus from Hippo, Insurify and several public-adjuster aggregators puts the typical residential tornado roof loss in the same band as a severe hail claim ($9,000 to $15,000) for partial roof loss, rising to $25,000 to $40,000 for a full tear-off and replacement with code-upgrade endorsement. Total-loss claims (frame and roof) frequently exceed dwelling-coverage limits, which means a homeowner whose insurance-to-value ratio is below 100 percent pays the gap. The strongest variable in a tornado roof claim is whether the rafters and trusses are intact; once the framing is compromised, repair becomes a full structural rebuild and the cost moves well above $50,000. Our companion piece on shingles blowing off your roof covers the pre-tornado wind-uplift inspection workflow that catches loose decking before a 90 mph straight-line wind takes the cover.

2026 Midwest June outbreak data

The June 11, 2026 outbreak across northern Illinois and northwest Indiana produced multiple strong tornadoes, including a confirmed EF-3 with winds of at least 136 mph in Streator, Illinois. Damage assessment teams identified about 70 properties damaged in Streator alone, with 35 sustaining major damage. Preliminary EF-3 and EF-2 ratings were also issued for Kouts and Merrillville, Indiana respectively, with an EF-1 in Bartlett, Illinois. The SPC’s three-day storm report log for the June 10 to 13 window totaled approximately 2,392 individual severe-weather reports across the central US, the largest single outbreak window of the 2026 season to that date. We covered the immediate roofing response in our Midwest storm outbreak June 2026 roof damage brief.

Hurricane: the Gulf and Atlantic coastal states

Florida

Florida absorbs the largest single share of US hurricane roof loss because it sits in the path of more major (Category 3 or higher) Atlantic landfalls than any other state. Hurricane Milton (October 9, 2024) was the largest insured-loss event since Ian, with Verisk pricing it at $30 to $50 billion (consensus around $35 to $40 billion) and the NOAA NCEI total cost at $34.3 billion. Roof claims dominated the Milton mix: in the four-county landfall corridor (Sarasota, Manatee, Hillsborough and Pinellas), early Florida Office of Insurance Regulation data showed roof-only claims accounted for more than 60 percent of the dwelling-property loss tally. Florida’s hurricane and roof underwriting regime is the most reformed in the country, and our companion briefs on the best roof for a hurricane, hurricane-proof roofs and hurricane roof straps walk through the FBC HVHZ details.

Louisiana

Hurricane Ida (August 2021) produced approximately $36 billion of insured loss and $84.6 billion of total economic damage, making it the sixth-costliest US hurricane this century. Louisiana’s recovery has been slower than Florida’s because the legal regime did not include an AOB statute until 2024, when HB 423 restricted contractor assignments on residential roofing. The state insurance department’s hail and wind damage filings continue to show roof-related claim counts that exceed the carrier loss-ratio threshold for new admitted writings, which is why Louisiana Citizens still carries about 130,000 residential policies as of 2024 against roughly 40,000 pre-Ida.

Texas Gulf

Hurricane Beryl (Category 1, July 8, 2024) made landfall near Matagorda, Texas, and produced insured losses Verisk priced at $2 to $3 billion, with Moody’s RMS at $2.5 to $4.5 billion and CoreLogic at $2.5 to $3.5 billion in wind alone. The Karen Clark & Co consensus was about $2.7 billion. Roof and window claims dominated the residential damage tally, particularly in Harris, Brazoria and Matagorda counties. TWIA’s $413.5 million 2024 deficit was driven primarily by Beryl. Texas hail compounds the Gulf exposure: Texas Department of Insurance estimated $7 billion of insured hail loss in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex alone in 2024, which means the state runs the highest combined wind-and-hail roof loss in the country.

Carolinas

Hurricane Helene’s most devastating roof damage hit the western North Carolina mountains, particularly Buncombe, Henderson, Yancey and Madison counties, where wind-driven rain and falling trees damaged roofs across communities far from the historic Atlantic landfall corridor. The North Carolina Beach Plan / Coastal Property Insurance Association closed 2025 with about 264,000 policies and a combined exposure of $96 billion. The South Carolina Wind and Hail Underwriting Association exposure grew 14 percent in 2025. Inland Helene damage produced a multi-year roof claim tail that the carriers continue to work through into 2026.

Verisk loss estimates: Ian, Idalia and Milton

Table 3 summarizes the three benchmark Florida hurricane loss estimates that drive 2026 underwriting decisions.

Event	Date	Verisk insured loss range	CoreLogic / Cotality insured loss	Major roof-related impact
Hurricane Ian	September 2022	$42-$57 billion	~$60 billion total industry consensus	Lee/Charlotte counties; mass roof tear-off, asphalt shingle blow-off, tile breakage
Hurricane Idalia	August 2023	$2.5-$4 billion	$3-$5 billion range	Big Bend (Taylor, Suwannee); residential roof cover loss, commercial membrane tear
Hurricane Helene	September 2024	$6-$11 billion (private market only, excludes NFIP)	$10.5-$17.5 billion (total)	Western NC mountains; wind-driven rain, tree-strike roof damage
Hurricane Milton	October 2024	$30-$50 billion	$17-$28 billion	Sarasota/Manatee/Hillsborough; >60% of dwelling losses roof-related (FL OIR)
Hurricane Beryl	July 2024	$2-$3 billion (wind onshore)	$2.5-$3.5 billion (wind)	Houston metro; roof cover loss, window breach, tree strike

State-by-state state-of-coverage 2026

Insurance availability for roof-exposed properties varies sharply by state. Florida and Louisiana saw residual-market writes spike after Ian and Ida respectively, while California’s FAIR Plan absorbed the wildfire displacement that has reshaped the state’s roofing risk profile. Texas Windstorm Insurance Association now covers more than 50 percent of the coastal wind-and-hail market in its designated catastrophe area. Florida Citizens shed 76 percent of its book between October 2023 and March 2026, the fastest residual-market depopulation in US history. The full picture is in our 2026 roofing insurance report; the short version is that roof age, roof material and proximity to the coast now drive premium and underwriting decisions to a degree they did not five years ago.

The practical claim-filing window

Why 30-60 days matters

Most homeowners policies require “prompt notice” of loss, which the carrier defines internally as 30 to 60 days from the date of damage. A handful of states formalize the window. Florida (SB 76, codified as Florida Statute 627.70132) requires the notice of claim within one year of the date of loss, and the supplemental claim within 18 months, after years of a tighter two-year cap. Texas Insurance Code section 542.057 requires the carrier to acknowledge the claim within 15 business days and pay or deny within 15 business days of receiving all requested documentation. Missouri policies typically allow 60 days to two years. Kansas runs 6 to 12 months on policy terms, with some shorter. Colorado defaults to one year. Table 4 summarizes the practical state-by-state claim-filing window.

State	Statutory filing window	Insurer acknowledgement deadline	Pay-or-deny deadline
Florida	1 year from date of loss	14 days	90 days from receipt of proof of loss
Texas	1 year from date of loss	15 business days	15 business days from receipt of all documents
Louisiana	1 year (HB 423 2024)	14 days	30 days from satisfactory proof of loss
Oklahoma	1 year typical; 30 days notice	30 days	45 days from proof of loss
Colorado	1 year typical	15 working days	60 days from receipt
Missouri	60 days to 2 years (policy-driven)	15 days	30-60 days
Kansas	6-12 months typical	15 days	30-60 days
Most other states	1 year (policy default)	15-30 days	30-90 days

The practical answer for homeowners is the same in every state: file within 30 to 60 days, document the roof with date-stamped photos and a contractor inspection report, and keep every receipt. Late filing is the third-most-common denial reason in NAIC market conduct annual statement data, accounting for about 15 percent of denials. We walk through the documentation discipline in when your roof insurance claim is denied.

Documentation rules

The carrier-required documentation kit on a 2026 roof claim is a roof inspection report from a licensed contractor (Florida requires a Florida-licensed roofer under Florida Statute 627.7011), date-stamped photos before and after the loss, a NOAA SPC or NWS storm-event reference, the contractor’s RCV estimate using Xactimate or Symbility, and the homeowner’s signed sworn proof of loss. Public adjusters are permitted everywhere except Alabama, Mississippi and Wyoming.

Public adjuster fee caps

Florida caps PA fees at 10 percent of the claim settlement for claims filed during a declared state of emergency for the first year after the declaration, rising to 20 percent on non-storm claims. Texas runs a flat 10 percent cap with no emergency-declaration exception. Louisiana and South Carolina also run a flat 10 percent cap. New York caps fees at 12.5 percent. California allows 15 percent under written agreement. Alabama, Mississippi and Wyoming do not license public adjusters, meaning only carrier-employed adjusters and the policyholder (acting personally or through counsel) can negotiate the claim in those states.

Storm-chaser activity and BBB complaint data

The National Insurance Crime Bureau reports contractor fraud climbed 38 percent from 2023 to 2025, coinciding with 23 major billion-dollar disasters in 2025 and approximately $115 billion in damage. The most common 2024 to 2026 scam patterns are manufactured roof damage (the contractor creates new damage during the “inspection”), inflated water mitigation claims, abuse of assignment of benefits agreements where still legal, exploitation of elderly homeowners through high-pressure door-knocking, and falsified documentation submitted to the carrier with the homeowner’s signature forged or coerced. NICB deploys field agents immediately after major catastrophes; 36 states formally participate in the NICB storm-chaser awareness program in 2026. The Better Business Bureau’s most frequent post-storm complaint categories in 2025 were “took deposit, did not perform work” (about 41 percent of roofing complaints in disaster-declared counties), “failed to honor warranty” (about 18 percent), and “performed work without permit” (about 12 percent). Florida, Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma and North Carolina led the BBB roofing complaint volume in 2024 and 2025, with Florida outpacing the next-largest state by roughly a factor of two.

What this means for homeowners, contractors and suppliers

For homeowners

Three rules for the 2026 storm season. First, photograph the roof now and again every six months. A pre-storm baseline is the single most useful documentation a homeowner can carry into a claim. Second, read the wind and hail deductible in dollars, not percent. A 2 percent wind/hail deductible on a $400,000 dwelling limit is $8,000, which exceeds the typical hail-claim payout under an ACV settlement. Third, ask the contractor for the UL 2218 Class 4 SKU and the manufacturer warranty document at quote time, not after. The Class 4 discount pays for itself in two to three years in the hail belt; the math is even better in Texas, Oklahoma and Colorado.

For contractors

The 2026 storm-claim environment runs on documentation. The contractor who arrives with a written remaining-useful-life inspection, a date-stamped photo set, a Xactimate or Symbility estimate that matches the carrier line-item format, and a signed customer disclosure on ACV-versus-RCV is closing at a meaningfully higher rate than the contractor who shows up with a tape measure and a verbal quote. The NICB fraud-trend data is also a sales tool: homeowners who have heard the storm-chaser warning are primed to work with licensed, bonded, locally insured contractors. Reference your state license, your manufacturer certification (GAF Master Elite, Owens Corning Platinum, CertainTeed SELECT ShingleMaster) and your liability limit on the first page of every proposal.

For suppliers

Class 4 SKU demand grew an estimated 38 percent year-over-year in 2025, driven primarily by Texas, Oklahoma, Colorado and Kansas. GAF, Owens Corning, CertainTeed, Atlas and IKO have expanded Class 4 production lines for 2026. The Florida market continues to prioritize wind-rated (FBC HVHZ-approved 130-plus mph) products over impact ratings, because Florida’s discount structure rewards wind ratings, not impact ratings. Suppliers servicing the Gulf and Atlantic coasts should keep tile-substitute lightweight metal and synthetic-tile inventory ahead of the Atlantic hurricane season, which began June 1, 2026 with a NOAA Climate Prediction Center forecast of 13 to 19 named storms.

Sources cited

1. NOAA NCEI, “U.S. Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters” (1980-2024 series, retired 2025), https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/billions/ (accessed June 17, 2026).
2. NOAA NCEI, “Assessing the U.S. Climate in 2024” (27 events, $62 billion severe-thunderstorm losses), https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/news/national-climate-202413 (accessed June 17, 2026).
3. NOAA Storm Events Database, https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/stormevents/ (accessed June 17, 2026).
4. NOAA Storm Prediction Center, Annual Severe Weather Report Summary (5,432 hail events in 2025, 5,373 in 2024), https://www.spc.noaa.gov/ (accessed June 17, 2026).
5. National Weather Service, “June 11, 2026: Tornado Outbreak, Including Multiple Strong Tornadoes Across Northern Illinois and Northwest Indiana,” https://www.weather.gov/lot/2026_06_11_SevereWeather (accessed June 17, 2026).
6. Shaw Local, “Streator damage estimate climbs to 70 properties after EF3 tornado,” June 16, 2026, https://www.shawlocal.com/illinois-valley/2026/06/16/streator-damage-estimate-climbs-to-70-properties-after-ef3-tornado/ (accessed June 17, 2026).
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10. CoreLogic / Cotality, “Final Estimated Damages for Hurricane Helene to be Between $30.5 Billion and $47.5 Billion,” https://www.cotality.com/press-releases/corelogic-final-estimated-damages-for-hurricane-helene-to-be-between-30-5-billion-and-47-5-billion (accessed June 17, 2026).
11. Verisk, “Industry Insured Losses for Hurricane Beryl” (July 2024, $2-$3 billion onshore wind), https://www.verisk.com/company/newsroom/verisk-estimates-industry-insured-losses-in-u.s.-for-hurricane-beryl-will-range-between-usd-2-billion-to-usd-3-billion/ (accessed June 17, 2026).
12. Moody’s RMS, “Hurricane Beryl Event Response” (July 15, 2024, $2.5-$4.5 billion), https://www.rms.com/newsroom/announcement/2024-07-15/moodys-rms-event-response-estimates-us-private-market-insured-losses-for-hurricane-beryl-will-likely-range-between-us25-billion-to-us45-billion (accessed June 17, 2026).
13. Verisk, “Industry Insured Losses for Hurricane Ian” (October 3, 2022, $42-$57 billion), https://www.verisk.com/company/newsroom/verisk-estimates-industry-insured-losses-for-hurricane-ian/ (accessed June 17, 2026).
14. Verisk, “Insured Losses from Hurricane Idalia” (September 2023, $2.5-$4 billion), https://www.verisk.com/company/newsroom/verisk-estimates-insured-losses-from-hurricane-idalia-to-range-from-usd-2-5-billion-to-usd-4-billion/ (accessed June 17, 2026).
15. Verisk, “U.S. Roof Claims Costs Reached Over $30 Billion In 2024,” April 8, 2025, https://www.verisk.com/company/newsroom/u.s.-roof-claims-costs-reached-over-$30-billion-in-2024-underscoring-evolving-risks/ (accessed June 17, 2026).
16. Verisk, “2026 U.S. Roof Report” (residential roof replacement $23 billion in 2025; average $17,631), https://www.verisk.com (accessed June 17, 2026).
17. State Farm Newsroom, “State Farm Paid Over $5.6 Billion in Hail Claims in 2025,” April 2026, https://newsroom.statefarm.com/state-farm-paid-over-56-billion-in-hail-claims-in-2025/ (accessed June 17, 2026).
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19. Insurance Information Institute, “Facts and Statistics: Hail” (average claim $13,511; 5,432 hail events 2025), https://www.iii.org/fact-statistic/facts-statistics-hail (accessed June 17, 2026).
20. CoreLogic, “2025 Severe Convective Storm Risk Report” (Oklahoma City September 24, 2024 hailstorm; 35,000 homes), https://www.cotality.com/press-releases/corelogic-previews-the-evolving-severe-convective-storm-risk-landscape-in-new-report (accessed June 17, 2026).
21. Artemis, “2024 US convective storm season already breaking hail records: CoreLogic” (March 13-14, 2024 hail event; 660,000 homes hit by 1-inch hail), https://www.artemis.bm/news/2024-us-convective-storm-season-already-breaking-hail-records-corelogic/ (accessed June 17, 2026).
22. NICB, “NICB Warns Americans Contractor Fraud Continues to Rise Nationwide” (38 percent increase 2023-2025; 36 states), https://www.nicb.org/news/news-releases/nicb-warns-americans-contractor-fraud-continues-rise-nationwide (accessed June 17, 2026).
23. IBHS, “IBHS reaches resilient construction milestone with 50,000 FORTIFIED designations,” https://ibhs.org/ibhs-news-releases/ibhs-reaches-resilient-construction-milestone-with-50000-fortified-designations/ (accessed June 17, 2026).
24. Insurance Journal, “Alabama Study Shows Fortified Homes Paying Off for Insurers, Homeowners” (53,000 Alabama FORTIFIED homes 2025), May 28, 2025, https://www.insurancejournal.com/news/southeast/2025/05/28/825141.htm (accessed June 17, 2026).
25. IBHS, “Hail Risk Research,” https://ibhs.org/risk-research/hail/ (accessed June 17, 2026).
26. Insurance Journal, “IBHS Study Shows Smaller Hail May Be More Damaging to Roofs Than Once Believed,” October 2, 2025, https://www.insurancejournal.com/news/southeast/2025/10/02/842108.htm (accessed June 17, 2026).
27. FEMA Disaster Declarations Summary, https://www.fema.gov/disaster/declarations (accessed June 17, 2026).
28. US Government Accountability Office, “Tornadoes: Agencies Promote Resilience but Actions Needed to Improve Access to FEMA Assistance” (94 major declarations FY 2019-2024; $2.8 billion obligated), https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-25-107384 (accessed June 17, 2026).
29. Florida Statute 627.70132 (notice of claim window), https://www.flsenate.gov (accessed June 17, 2026).
30. Texas Insurance Code section 542.057 (Prompt Payment of Claims), https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov (accessed June 17, 2026).
31. ASCE 7-22, “Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures,” https://www.asce.org/publications-and-news/asce-7 (accessed June 17, 2026).
32. FEMA, “Highlights of Significant Changes to the Wind Load Provisions of ASCE 7-22,” https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/documents/fema_asce-7-22-wind-highlights_fact-sheet_2022.pdf (accessed June 17, 2026).
33. Florida Building Code R301.2(7), 8th Edition (2023) Wind Speed Maps, https://www.floridabuilding.org (accessed June 17, 2026).
34. Texas Department of Insurance, “Hailstorm Losses in Texas” (Dallas-Fort Worth $7 billion 2024 estimate), https://www.tdi.texas.gov (accessed June 17, 2026).
35. Yale Climate Connections, “U.S. socked with 15 billion-dollar weather disasters during the 1st half of 2025,” July 2025, https://yaleclimateconnections.org/2025/07/u-s-socked-with-15-billion-dollar-weather-disasters-during-the-1st-half-of-2025/ (accessed June 17, 2026).

Methodology note

State Farm hail-claim figures reflect State Farm’s policy base only and may understate or overstate true state-wide totals depending on State Farm’s market share in that state. Verisk and CoreLogic catastrophe-loss ranges are mid-range industry consensus; individual model outputs (Verisk, CoreLogic / Cotality, Moody’s RMS, Karen Clark) vary by up to 35 percent within the same event. Florida Office of Insurance Regulation roof-claim shares reflect carrier reporting at the four-county landfall corridor and may not reflect statewide claim composition. The Roofing Brief Research Team will republish this report annually in June.